Energy: Power and Oil

Every place on this map

1. Tarapur Atomic Power StationMaharashtraIndia's first nuclear power plant (1969) at Palghar, built with US help; boiling-water reactors.
2. Jaitapur (planned)MaharashtraPlanned with France (EPR reactors) in Ratnagiri; would be the world's biggest nuclear site, not built yet.
3. Thal (Heavy Water Plant)MaharashtraHeavy-water and fertiliser (RCF) plant in Raigad (UPSC 2005).
4. Rajasthan Atomic Power Station (Rawatbhata)RajasthanNext to Rana Pratap Sagar on the Chambal in Chittorgarh; CANDU-type heavy-water reactors.
5. Narora Atomic Power StationUttar PradeshOn the Ganga in Bulandshahr; the only nuclear plant in the Indo-Gangetic plain.
6. Gorakhpur Haryana Anu Vidyut PariyojanaHaryanaIndigenous 700 MW PHWRs being built in Fatehabad, Haryana. Trap: not Gorakhpur in UP.
7. Kakrapar Atomic Power StationGujaratIn Tapi district (UPSC 2005).
8. Kaiga Generating StationKarnatakaIn Uttara Kannada (UPSC 2005); a unit set a world record for continuous running in 2018.
9. Kalpakkam (MAPS + PFBR)Tamil NaduAtomic power station (UPSC 1984); home to the Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor, stage two of the nuclear programme.
10. Kudankulam Nuclear Power PlantTamil NaduRussian VVER reactors (1,000 MW each) in Tirunelveli; India's largest nuclear plant, with more units being added.
11. Manuguru Heavy Water PlantTelanganaIndia's largest heavy-water plant, in Bhadradri (UPSC 2005 asked it as Andhra Pradesh, before the state split).
12. Vindhyachal Super Thermal Power StationMadhya PradeshNTPC's plant at Singrauli, about 4,760 MW; India's largest coal power plant.
13. KorbaChhattisgarhPit-head power plants on the Korba coalfield; also the BALCO aluminium smelter (UPSC 1984, 1998, 2007).
14. TalcherOdishaNTPC's Talcher plant on the Mahanadi coalfield; a coal-gasification fertiliser plant is being revived here.
15. Bokaro Thermal Power StationJharkhandDamodar Valley Corporation plant (UPSC 2003).
16. RamagundamTelanganaNTPC super thermal plant on the Godavari, on Singareni coal; a floating solar plant was added.
17. Chandrapur Super Thermal Power StationMaharashtraOn the Wardha valley coalfield; in one of India's most polluted industrial clusters.
18. Mundra (Tata + Adani plants)GujaratPrivate coastal plants on imported coal, cooled with seawater (UPSC 2023's false statement: that no coal plant uses seawater).
19. Neyveli (lignite)Tamil NaduIndia's main lignite mines and power plants in Cuddalore; fed by Tertiary coal (UPSC 1993); lignite asked in UPSC 1984.
20. Bhadla Solar ParkRajasthanAbout 2,245 MW in the Thar near Jodhpur; among the world's largest single solar parks.
21. Shahgarh gas fieldRajasthanIn Jaisalmer; in the news for high-quality gas reserves (UPSC 2007).
22. Khavda Renewable Energy ParkGujaratAbout 30 GW of solar and wind planned on the Rann of Kutch; the world's largest renewable park when complete.
23. Rewa Ultra Mega SolarMadhya Pradesh750 MW; it supplies power to the Delhi Metro, an inter-state first.
24. Pavagada Solar Park (Shakti Sthala)KarnatakaAbout 2,000 MW in Tumakuru; farmers lease their land and earn annual rent.
25. Kurnool Ultra Mega Solar ParkAndhra PradeshAbout 1,000 MW ultra-mega solar park.
26. Cochin International AirportKeralaFirst airport in the world to run fully on solar (2015); UPSC 2023 asked Kerala's fully solar-powered international airport.
27. Muppandal Wind FarmTamil NaduOne of India's largest onshore wind farms in Kanyakumari; the winds squeeze through the Aralvaimozhi gap.
28. Puga ValleyLadakhHot springs of the Changthang; ONGC's pilot geothermal project, India's first.
29. DigboiAssamOil struck in 1889; Asia's oldest working refinery (1901).
30. Naharkatia and Moran oil fieldsAssamBrahmaputra valley oil fields (UPSC 1990).
31. Ankleshwar oil fieldGujaratOnshore oil of the Cambay basin (UPSC 1989); the Cambay basin also has shale gas (UPSC 2016).
32. Mumbai HighMaharashtraOffshore field about 160 km from Mumbai, found in 1974; still India's largest oil producer.
33. Barmer Basin (Mangala Field)RajasthanCairn's Mangala field (2004); India's biggest onshore oil discovery in decades.
34. Narimanam oil fieldTamil NaduOil field of the Cauvery delta (UPSC 1987).
35. Jamnagar RefineryGujaratReliance's twin refineries, the world's largest refining complex; on the coast because crude is imported (UPSC 1981, 1998).
36. Koyali (Gujarat Refinery)GujaratIOCL refinery and petrochemical complex at Vadodara (UPSC 1986).
37. Mathura RefineryUttar PradeshIts emissions raised fears of acid rain on the Taj (UPSC 1994); hence the Taj Trapezium Zone.
38. Panipat RefineryHaryanaInland IOCL refinery fed by pipeline; India's first 2G ethanol plant from rice straw (2022).
39. Barauni RefineryBiharBuilt in the 1960s with Soviet help in Begusarai; originally ran on Assam crude.
40. Bina RefineryMadhya PradeshInland BPCL refinery in Sagar, fed by pipeline from Vadinar (Gujarat).
41. Numaligarh RefineryAssamSet up under the 1985 Assam Accord in Golaghat; a bamboo-based bio-ethanol plant was added.
42. Padur Strategic Petroleum ReserveKarnatakaUnderground rock-cavern crude storage for emergencies near Udupi; the others are at Visakhapatnam and Mangaluru.