Geography PYQs

Consider the following countries: 1. Bolivia 2. Brazil 3. Colombia 4. Ecuador 5. Paraguay 6. Venezuela How many of the above countries do the Andes mountains pass through?

Consider the following countries: I. United Kingdom II. Denmark III. New Zealand IV. Australia V. Brazil How many of the above countries have more than four time zones?

Consider the following statements: I. Anadyr in Siberia and Nome in Alaska are a few kilometers from each other, but when people are waking up and getting set for breakfast in these cities, it would be different days. II. When it is Monday in Anadyr, it is Tuesday in Nome. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

Consider the following pairs: Region Country I. Mallorca Italy II. Normandy Spain III. Sardinia France In how many of the above rows is the given information correctly matched?

One of the following regions has the world’s largest tropical peatland, which holds about three years’ worth of global carbon emissions from fossil fuels, and the possible destruction of which can exert a detrimental effect on the global climate. Which one of the following denotes that region?

Consider the following countries: 1. Finland 2. Germany 3. Norway 4. Russia How many of the above countries have a border with the North Sea?

The longest border between any two countries in the world is between:

Which one of the following is a part of the Congo Basin?

Consider the following countries: 1. Bulgaria 2. Czech Republic 3. Hungary 4. Latvia 5. Lithuania 6. Romania How many of the above-mentioned countries share a land border with Ukraine?

Consider the following statements : 1. Vietnam has been one of the fastest growing economies in the world in the recent years. 2. Vietnam is led by a multi-party political system. 3. Vietnam’s economic growth is linked to its integration with global supply chains and focus on exports. 4. For a long time Vietnam’s low labour costs and stable exchange rates have attracted global manufacturers. 5. Vietnam has the most productive e-service sector in the Indo-Pacific region. Which of the statements given above are correct ?

The term “Levant” often heard in the news roughly corresponds to which of the following regions ?

Consider the following pairs: Sea Bordering country 1. Adriatic Sea Albania 2. Black Sea Croatia 3. Caspian Sea Kazakhstan 4. Mediterranean Sea Morocco 5. Red Sea Syria Which of the pair given above are correctly matched?

Consider the following pairs : Regions sometimes mentioned in news Country 1. Catalonia - Spain 2. Crimea - Hungary 3. Mindanao - Philippines 4. Oromia - Nigeria Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?55555

Mediterranean Sea is a border of which of the following countries ? 1. Jordan 2. Iraq 3. Lebanon 4. Syria Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Which of the following is geographically closest to Great Nicobar ?

Which one of the following pairs of islands is separated from each other by the ‘Ten Degree Channel’?

What is the correct, sequence of occurrence of the following cities in South-East Asia as one proceeds from south to north? 1. Bangkok 2. Hanoi 3. Jakarta 4. Singapore Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Turkey is located between

Which of the following pairs is correctly matched? Geographical Feature - Region

Which one of the following is the country’s administrative capital/new federal administrative centre of Malaysia ?

Elephant Pass, which is frequently in the news, is mentioned in the context of the affairs of which one of the following ?

Consider the following countries : 1. Australia 2. Namibia 3. Brazil 4. Chile Through which of the above does the Tropic of Capricorn pass ?

Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched ?

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists (Geographic feature) (Country) A. Great Victoria Desert 1. Australia B. Grand Canyon 2. Canada C. Lake Winnipeg 3. New Zealand D. Southern Alps 4. USA

Cape Canaveral, the site from which space shuttled are launched is located on the coast of

In which one of the following seas is Malta located?

Which one of the following cities is nearest to the equator?

Which one of the following straits is nearest to the International Date Line?

Which two countries follow China and India in the decreasing order of their populations?

For India, China the UK and the USA, which one of the following is the correct sequence of the median age of their populations?

Consider the following statements: 1. Ajman is one of the seven Emirates of the UAE. 2. Ras al-Khaimah was the last Sheikhdom to join the UAE.

Which of the following countries share borders with Moldova? 1. Ukraine 2. Romania 3. Belarus.

Identify the river of the Indian sub-continent on the basis of the following information: 1. Antecedent drainage system. 2. Flows through three countries. 3. Originates in the Tibetan Plateau; important for irrigation. 4. Does not form distributaries. Select the answer from the following:

With reference to the Himalayan rivers joining the Ganga downstream of Prayagraj from West to East, which one of the following sequences is correct?

Consider the following information: Waterfall Region River 1. Dhuandhar Malwa Narmada 2. Hundru Chota Nagpur Subarnarekha 3. Gersoppa Western Ghats Netravati In how many of the above rows is the given information correctly matched?

Consider the following statements : 1. Jhelum River passes through Wular Lake. 2. Krishna River directly feeds Kolleru Lake. 3. Meandering of Gandak River formed Kanwar Lake. How many of the statements given above are correct?

Which one of the following is the best example of repeated falls in sea level, giving rise to present-day extensive marshland?

Consider the following pairs : Reservoirs - States 1. Ghataprabha — Telangana 2. Gandhi Sagar — Madhya Pradesh 3. Indira Sagar — Andhra Pradesh 4. Maithon — Chhattisgarh How many pairs given above are not correctly matched ?

Gandikota canyon of South India was created by which one of the following rivers ?

Consider the following rivers: 1. Brahmani 2. Nagavali 3. Subarnarekha 4. Vamsadhara Which of the above rise from the Eastern Ghats?

With reference to the Indus river system, among the following four rivers, one of them joins the Indus directly:

With reference to India, Didwana, Kuchaman, Sargol and Khatu are the names of

What is common to the places known as Aliyar, Isapur and Kangsabati?

Consider the following pairs: Glacier River 1. Bandarpunch Yamuna 2. Bara Shigri Chenab 3. Milam Mandakini 4. Siachen Nubra 5. Zemu Manas Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

Which one of the following is an ‘artificial lake‘?

With reference to river Teesta, consider the following statements: 1. The source of river Teesta is the same as that of Brahmaputra but it flows through Sikkim. 2. River Rangeet originates in Sikkim and it is a tributary of river Teesta. 3. River Teesta flows into Bay of Bengal on the border of India and Bangladesh. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

Recently, linking of which of the following rivers was undertaken?

Which of the following is/are tributary/ tributaries of Brahmaputra? 1. Dibang 2. Kameng 3. Lohit Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Consider the following rivers : (1) Vamsadhara (2) Indravati (3) Pranahita (4) Pennar Which of the above are tributes of Godavari?

Consider the following pairs: Wetlands : Confluence of rivers Harike Wetlands : Confluence of Beas and Satluj/ Sutlej Keoladeo Ghana National Park : Confluence of Banas and Chambal Kolleru Lake : Confluence of Musi and Krishna Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?

Consider the following rivers : 1. Barak 2. Lohit 3. Subansiri which of the above flows/flow through Arunachal Pradesh ?

The Narmada river flows to the west, while most other large peninsular rivers flow to the east. Why? (1). It occupies a linear rift valley. (2). It flows between the Vindhyas and the Satpuras. (3). The land slopes to the west from Central India. Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

The Brahmaputra, Irrawaddy and Mekong Rivers originate in Tibet’s narrow and parallel mountain ranges in their upper reaches. Of these rivers, Brahmaputra makes a “U” turn in its course to flow into India. This “U” turn is due to

Rivers that pass through Himachal Pradesh are

With reference to the river Luni, which one of the following statements is correct ?

Which one of the following rivers does not originate in India ?

At which one of the following places do two important rivers of India originate; while one of them flows towards north and merges with another important river flowing towards Bay of Bengal, the other one flows towards Arabian Sea ?

Consider the following statements : 1. There are no east flowing rivers in Kerala. 2. There are no west flowing rivers in Madhya Pradesh. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct ?

With which one of the following rivers is the Omkareshwar Project associated?

Which of the following pairs are correctly matched? Waterfalls - River 1. Kapildhara Falls: Godavari 2. Jog Falls: Sharavati 3. Sivasamudram Falls: Cauvery.

Which of the following pairs are correctly matched? Irrigation Project - State 1. Damanganga: Gujarat 2. Girna: Maharashtra 3. Pamba: Kerala.

Consider the following statements: Tributary River - Main River 1. Chambal: Narmada 2. Sone: Yamuna 3. Manas: Brahmaputra.

Ilmenite and rutile, abundantly available in certain coastal tracts of India, are rich sources of which one of the following?

Consider the following statements : Statement-I : India, despite having uranium deposits, depends on coal for most of its electricity production. Statement-II : Uranium, enriched to the extent of at least 60%, is required for the production of electricity. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

With reference to coal-based thermal power plants in India, consider the following statements: 1. None of them uses seawater. 2. None of them is set up in water-stressed district. 3. None of them is privately owned. How many of the above statements are correct?

Consider the following statements: 1. Coal sector was nationalized by the Government of India under Indira Gandhi. 2. Now, coal blocks are allocated on lottery basis. 3. Till recently, India imported coal to meet the shortages of domestic supply, but now India is self-sufficient in coal production. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

Consider the following statements: 1. In India, State Governments do not have the power to auction non-coal mines. 2. Andhra Pradesh and Jharkhand do not have gold mines. 3. Rajasthan has iron ore mines. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

In which of the following regions of India are shale gas resources found? 1. Cambay Basin 2. Cauvery Basin 3. Krishna-Godavari Basin Select the correct answer using the code given below.

With reference to two non-conventional energy sources called ‘coalbed methane’ and ‘shale gas’, consider the following statements: 1. Coalbed methane is the pure methane gas extracted from coal seams, while shale gas is a mixture of propane and butane only that can be extracted from finegrained sedimentary rocks. 2. In India, abundant coalbed methane sources exist, but so far no shale gas sources have been found. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

Which of the following is/are the characteristic/ characteristics of Indian coal? (1). High ash content (2). Low sulphur content (3). Low ash fusion temperature Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Consider the following statements : (1). Natural gas occurs in the Gondwana beds. (2). Mica occurs in abundance in Kodarma. (3). Dharwars are famous for petroleum. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

Despite having large reserves of coal, why does India import millions of tonnes of coal? 1. It is the policy of India to save its own coal reserves for future and import it from other countries for the present use. 2. most of the power plants in India are coal based and they are not able to get sufficient supplies of coal from within the country 3. Steel companies need large quantity of coking coal which has to be imported Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

Which one of the following is the appropriate reason for considering the Gondwana rocks as most important of rock systems of India ?

Consider the following statements: 1. India does not have any deposits of Thorium. 2. Kerala’s monazito sands contain Uranium. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct ?

In which one of the following states are Namchik-Namphuk Coalfields located?

Consider the following statements: 1. Chokmagalur is well-known for sugar production. 2. Mandya is well-known as a coffee-production region.

With reference to the planet Earth, consider the following statements: I. Rain forests produce more oxygen than that produced by oceans. II. Marine phytoplankton and photosynthetic bacteria produce about 50% of world’s oxygen. III. Well-oxygenated surface water contains several folds higher oxygen than that in atmospheric air. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

Consider the following statements Statement-I: The soil in tropical rain forests is rich in nutrients. Statement-II: The high temperature and moisture of tropical rain forests cause dead organic matter in the soil to decompose quickly. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

The vegetation of savannah consists of grassland with scattered small trees, but extensive areas have no trees. The forest development in such areas is generally kept in check by one or more or a combination of some conditions. Which of the following are such conditions? 1. Burrowing animals and termites 2. Fire 3. Grazing herbivores 4. Seasonal rainfall 5. Soil properties Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Leaf litter decomposes faster than in any other biome, and as a result, the soil surface is often almost bare. Apart from trees, the vegetation is largely composed of plant forms that reach up into the canopy vicariously by climbing the trees or growing as epiphytes rooted on the upper branches of trees. This is the most likely description of:

Consider the following States: 1. Chhattisgarh 2. Madhya Pradesh 3. Maharashtra 4. Odisha With reference to the States mentioned above, in terms of percentage of forest cover to the total area of State, which one of the following is the correct ascending order?

Consider the following States : (1) Arunachal Pradesh (2) Himachal Pradesh (3) Mizoram In which of the above States do ‘Tropical Wet Evergreen Forests’ occur?

In India, in which one of the following types of forests is teak a dominant tree species?

Which one of the following regions of India has a combination of mangrove forest, evergreen forest and deciduous forest?

If you travel through the Himalayas, you are likely to see which of the following plants naturally growing there? 1. Oak 2. Rhododendron 3. Sandalwood Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Which of the following is/are unique characteristic/characteristics of equatorial forests? (1). Presence of tall, closely set trees with crowns forming a continuous canopy (2). Coexistence of a large number of species (3). Presence of numerous varieties of epiphytes Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Which one of the following is the characteristic climate of the Tropical Savannah Region?

A geographic area with an altitude of 400 metres has following characteristics shown in table below. If this geographic area were to have a natural forest, which one of the following would it most likely be ? Month J F M A M J J A S O N D Average Maximum Temp. °C 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 2.1 Average Minimum Temp. °C 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Rainfall (mm) 51 85 1.88 1.58 1.39 1.21 1.34 1.68 1.85 2.21 1.98 86

Tungurahua Volcano, which was declared a Global Geopark by UNESCO in 2025, is situated in which one among the following countries?

Which of the following statements with reference to Lake Turkana is/are correct? 1. It is the largest desert lake in the world. 2. The lake is situated in South Sudan along the eastern fringe of the Sahara desert. 3. The lake is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is also referred to as the ‘Jade Sea’.

Consider the following water bodies: 1. Lake Tanganyika 2. Lake Tonlé Sap 3. Patos Lagoon Through how many of the above does the Equator pass?

Consider the following statements: 1. The Red Sea receives very little precipitation in any form. 2. No water enters the Red Sea from rivers. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

Which one of the following lakes of West Africa has become dry and turned into a desert ?

With reference to the water on the planet Earth, consider the following statements: 1. The amount of water in the rivers and lakes is more than the amount of groundwater. 2. The amount of water in polar ice caps and glaciers is more than the amount of groundwater. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

Consider the following pairs: River Flows into 1. Mekong Andaman Sea 2. Thames Irish Sea 3. Volga Caspian Sea 4. Zambezi Indian Ocean Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

Which of the following has/have shrunk immensely/dried up in the recent past due to human activities? 1.Aral Sea 2.Black Sea 3.Lake Baikal Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Which one of the following countries of South-West Asia does not open out to the Mediterranean Sea?

On the planet earth, most of the freshwater exists as ice caps and glaciers. Out of the remaining freshwater, the largest proportion

Consider the following statements: 1. On the planet Earth, the fresh water available for use amounts to about less than 1% of the total water found. 2. Of the total fresh water found on the planet Earth 95% is bound up in polar ice caps and glaciers. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

Consider the following statements: Statement I: The amount of dust particles in the atmosphere is more in subtropical and temperate areas than in equatorial and polar regions. Statement II: Subtropical and temperate areas have less dry winds. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Consider the following statements: I. Without the atmosphere, temperature would be well below freezing point everywhere on the Earth’s surface. II. Heat absorbed and trapped by the atmosphere maintains our planet’s average temperature. III. Atmosphere’s gases, like carbon dioxide, are particularly good at absorbing and trapping radiation. Which of the statements given above are correct?

With reference to “water vapour,” which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. It is a gas, the amount of which decreases with altitude. 2. Its percentage is maximum at the poles. Select the answer using the code given below:

Consider the following statements: Statement-I: Thickness of the troposphere at the equator is much greater as compared to poles. Statement-II: At the equator, heat is transported to great heights by strong convectional currents. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

With reference to the Earth’s atmosphere, which one of the following statements is correct?

Consider the following statements: 1. Jet streams occur in the Northern Hemisphere only. 2. Only some cyclones develop an eye. 3. The temperature inside the eye of a cyclone is nearly 10°C lesser than that of the surroundings. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

Normally, the temperature decreases with the increase in height from the Earth’s surface, because: 1. The atmosphere can be heated upwards only from the Earth’s surface. 2. There is more moisture in the upper atmosphere. 3. The air is less dense in the upper atmosphere. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

The jet aircrafts fly very easily and smoothly in the lower stratosphere. What could be the appropriate explanation? 1. There are no clouds or water vapour in the lower stratosphere. 2. There are no vertical winds in the lower stratosphere.

A layer in the Earth’s atmosphere called the ionosphere facilitates radio communication. Why? 1. The presence of ozone causes the reflection of radio waves to earth. 2. Radio waves have a very long wavelength.

Which one of the following reflects back more sunlight as compared to other three?

Consider the following statement: 1. The albedo of an object determines its visual brightness when viewed with reflected light. 2. The albedo of Mercury is much greater than the albedo of the Earth.

Which of the following is/are correct inference/inferences from isothermal maps in the month of January? 1. The isotherms deviate to the north over the ocean and to the south over the continent. 2. The presence of cold ocean currents, Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Drift make the North Atlantic Ocean colder and the isotherms bend towards the north. Select the answer using the code given below:

Consider the following statements: 1.In the tropical zone, the western sections of the oceans are warmer than the eastern sections owing to the influence of trade winds. 2.In the temperate zone, westerlies make the eastern sections of oceans warmer than the western sections. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

With reference to Ocean Mean Temperature (OMT), which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. OMT is measured up to a depth of 26°C isotherm which is 129 meters in the southwestern Indian Ocean during January - March. 2. OMT collected during January - March can be used in assessing whether the amount of rainfall in monsoon will be less or more than a certain long-term mean. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

At one of the places in India, if you stand on the seashore and watch the sea, you will find that the sea water recedes from the shore line a few kilometers and comes back to the shore, twice a day, and you can actually walk on the sea floor when the water recedes. This unique phenomenon is seen at

What explains the eastward flow of the equatorial counter-current?

In the South Atlantic and South-Eastern Pacific regions in tropical latitudes, cyclone does not originate What is the reason?

Tides occur in the oceans and seas due to which among the following? (1) Gravitational force of the Sun (2) Gravitational force of the Moon (3) Centrifugal force of the Earth Select the correct answer using the code given below.

The most important fishing grounds of the world are found in the regions where

Consider the following factors 1. Rotation of the Earth 2. Air pressure and wind 3. Density of ocean water 4. Revolution of the Earth Which of the above factors influence the ocean currents?

A new type of El Nino called El Nino Modoki appeared in the news. In this context, consider the following statements: 1. Normal El Nino forms in the Central Pacific ocean whereas El-Nino Modoki forms in Eastern Pacific ocean. 2. Normal EI Nino results in diminished hurricanes in the Atlantic ocean but El Nino Modoki results in a greater number of hurricanes with greater frequency. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct ?

Consider the following names : 1. Ike 2. Kate 3. Gustav Which of the above are the names of hurricanes that had occurred very recently ?

Which of the following statements about Rare Earth Elements (REEs) and Critical Minerals is/are correct? 1. Modern technological innovations including Artificial Intelligence, robotics and space exploration extensively utilise Rare Earth Elements (REEs). 2. China has the highest share in mining of REEs followed by India. 3. The Government of India launched the National Critical Mineral Mission (NCMM) in 2025 to establish a robust framework for self-reliance in the critical mineral sector. 4. Rare Earth Elements are a set of 13 metallic elements. Select the answer using the code given below:

Consider the following statements: Statement I: Some rare earth elements are used in the manufacture of flat television screens and computer monitors. Statement II: Some rare earth elements have phosphorescent properties. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Consider the following statements: Statement I: In India, State Governments have no power for making rules for grant of concessions in respect of extraction of minor minerals even though such minerals are located in their territories. Statement II: In India, the Central Government has the power to notify minor minerals under the relevant law. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

With reference to India, consider the following statements : 1. Monazite is a source of rare earths. 2. Monazite contains thorium. 3. Monazite occurs naturally in the entire Indian coastal sands in India. 4. In India, Government bodies only can process or export monazite. Which of the statements given above are correct ?

Consider the following minerals: 1. Bentonite 2. Chromite 3. Kyanite 4. Sillimanite In India, which of the above is/are officially designated as major minerals?

With reference to the management of minor minerals in India, consider the following statements: 1. Sand is a ‘minor mineral’ according to the prevailing law in the country. 2. State Governments have the power to grant mining leases of minor minerals, but the powers regarding the formation of rules related to the grant of minor minerals lie with the Central Government. 3. State Governments have the power to frame rules to prevent illegal mining of minor minerals. Which of the statements given above is / are correct?

What is/are the purpose/purposes of ‘District Mineral Foundations’ in India? 1. Promoting mineral exploration activities in mineral-rich districts 2. Protecting the interests of the persons affected by mining operations 3. Authorizing State Governments to issue licenses for mineral exploration Select the correct answer using the code given below.

With reference to the mineral resources of India, consider the following pairs: Mineral 90% Natural sources in 1. Copper Jharkhand 2. Nickel Orissa 3. Tungsten Kerala Which of the pairs give above is/are correctly matched?

Which of the following minerals are found in a natural way in the State of Chhattisgarh? 1. Bauxite 2. Dolomite 3. Iron ore 4. Tin

Which of the following with reference to Indian States is/are NOT correct? 1. Uttar Pradesh shares its boundary with the highest number of other Indian States. 2. Rajasthan shares the longest international border among all Indian States. 3. Sikkim is the only State that shares its boundary with just one other Indian State.

Consider the following statements: 1.The Barren Island volcano is an active volcano located in the Indian territory. 2.Barren Island lies about 140 km east of Great Nicobar. 3.The last time the Barren Island volcano erupted was in 1991 and it has remained inactive since then. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

Among the following cities, which one lies on a longitude closest to that of Delhi?

If you travel by road from Kohima to Kottayam, what is the minimum number of States within India through which you can travel, including the origin and the destination?

In a particular region in India, the local people train the roots of living trees into robust bridges across the streams. As the time passes, these bridges become stronger. These unique ‘living root bridges’ are found in

Which one of the following pairs of States of India indicates the easternmost and westernmost State?

A particular State in India has the following characteristics: 1. It is located on the same latitude which passes through northern Rajasthan. 2. It has over 80% of its area under forest cover. 3. Over 12% of forest cover constitutes the Protected Area Network in this State. Which one among the following States has all the above characteristics?

The latitudes that pass through Sikkim also pass through

In India, how many States share the coastline?

Consider the following statements: 1. Amarkantak Hills are at the confluence of Vindhya and Sahyadri Ranges. 2. Biligirirangan Hills constitute the easternmost part of Satpura Range. 3. Seshachalam Hills constitute the southernmost part of Western Ghats How many of the statements given above are correct?

Consider the following pairs : Peak Mountains 1. Namcha Barwa — Garhwal Himalaya 2. Nanda Devi — Kumaon Himalaya 3. Nokrek — Sikkim Himalaya Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched ?

Siachen Glacier is situated to the

Consider the following statements: 1. In India, the Himalayas are spread over five States only. 2. Western Ghats are spread over five States only. 3. Pulicat Lake is spread over two States only. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct ?

Consider the following pairs : Hills Region 1. Cardamom Hills : Coromandel Coast 2. Kaimur Hills : Konkan Coast 3. Mahadeo Hills : Central India 4. Mikir Hills : North-East India Which of the pairs are correctly matched?

When you travel in Himalayas, you will see the following: 1. Deep gorges 2. U-turn river courses 3. Parallel mountain ranges 4. Steep gradients causing land sliding Which of the above can be said to be the evidence for Himalayas being young fold mountains?

If there were no Himalayan ranges, what would have been the most likely geographical impact on India ? 1. Much of the country would experience the cold waves from Siberia. 2. Indo-gangetic plain would be devoid of such extensive alluvial soils. 3. The pattern of monsoon would be different from what it is at present. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

Which of the following hills are found where the Eastern Ghats and the Western Ghats meet?

Which of the following geographical features or phenomena is/are associated with the Peninsular Block of India? 1. Submergence of parts of the western coast due to tectonic activity 2. Presence of residual mountain ranges such as the Veliconda hills and Mahendragiri hills 3. Deep, V-shaped river valleys formed by fast-flowing rivers

Consider the following assertion: In the Pleistocene period either the Yamuna once flowed into the Indus, or the Sutlej flowed into the Yamuna and one major tributary of either had shifted from the Ganga to the Indus or vice versa. Which of the following is/are the basis of the above assertion? 1. The Nadi-Sukta of the Rigveda 2. The explorations of the Sutlej and the Yamuna by Robert Bruce Foote 3. The presence of the same species of dolphins in both the Indus and the Ganga river systems

Which of the following are the evidences of the phenomenon of continental drift? I. The belt of ancient rocks from Brazil coast matches with those from Western Africa. II. The gold deposits of Ghana are derived from the Brazil plateau when the two continents lay side by side. III. The Gondwana system of sediments from India is known to have its counterparts in six different landmasses of the Southern Hemisphere. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Consider the following statements: Statement I: In the context of effect of water on rocks, chalk is known as a very permeable rock, whereas clay is known as quite an impermeable or least permeable rock. Statement II: Chalk is porous and hence can absorb water. Statement III: Clay is not at all porous. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Consider the following statements: Statement-I: Rainfall is one of the reasons for weathering of rocks. Statement-II: Rain water contains carbon dioxide in solution. Statement-III: Rain water contains atmospheric oxygen. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Consider the following statements: 1. In a seismograph, P waves are recorded earlier than S waves. 2. In P waves, the individual particles vibrate to and fro in the direction of waves propogation whereas in S waves, the particles vibrate up and down at right angles to the direction of wave propagation. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

In case of which one of the following biogeochemical cycles, the weathering of rocks is the main source of release of nutrient to enter the cycle?

In the structure of planet Earth, below the mantle, the core is mainly made up of which one of the following ?

Consider the following statements: Statement I: Scientific studies suggest that a shift is taking place in the Earth’s rotation and axis. Statement II: Solar flares and associated coronal mass ejections bombarded the Earth’s outermost atmosphere with tremendous amount of energy. Statement III: As the Earth’s polar ice melts, the water tends to move towards the equator. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Consider the following statements : 1.The Earth’s magnetic field has reversed every few hundred thousand years. 2.When the Earth was created more than 4000 million years ago, there was 54% oxygen and no carbon dioxide. 3.When living organisms originated, they modified the early atmosphere of the Earth. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

Which of the following phenomena might have influenced the evolution of organisms? 1. Continental drift 2. Glacial cycles Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Consider the following : (1). Electromagnetic radiation (2). Geothermal energy (3). Gravitational force (4). Plate movements (5). Rotation of the earth (6). Revolution of the earth Which of the above are responsible for bringing dynamic changes on the surface of the earth?

Which one of the following sets of elements was primarily responsible for the origin of life on the Earth?

Which of the following pairs is/are correctly matched? Theory/Law - Associated Scientist 1. Continental Drift: Edwin Hubble 2. Expansion of Universe: Alfred Wegener 3. Photoelectric Effect: Albert Einstein.

In order of their distance from the Sun, which of the following planets lie between Mars and Uranus?

Consider the following pairs: Country Resource-rich in I. Botswana Diamond II. Chile Lithium III. Indonesia Nickel In how many of the above rows is the given information correctly matched?

Consider the following information: Region Name of the mountain range Type of mountain 1. Central Asia Vosges Fold mountain 2. Europe Alps Block mountain 3. North America Appalachians Fold mountain 4. South America Andes Fold mountain In how many of the above rows is the given information correctly matched?

About three-fourths of world’s cobalt, a metal required for the manufacture of batteries for electric motor vehicles, is produced by

The term ‘West Texas Intermediate’ sometimes found in news, refers to a grade of

Which of the following statements are correct about the deposits of ‘methane hydrate? 1. Global warming might trigger the release of methane gas from these deposits. 2. Large deposits of ‘methane hydrate’ are found in Arctic Tundra and under the seafloor. 3. Methane in atmosphere oxidizes to carbon dioxide after a decade or two. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

In the context of global oil prices, “Brent crude oil” is frequently referred to in the news. What does this term imply? 1. It is a major classification of crude oil. 2. It is sourced from the North Sea. 3. It does not contain sulphur.

Which among the following has the world’s largest reserves of Uranium?

With reference to the climate of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. The climate can be defined as a humid, tropical coastal climate. 2. It receives rainfall from both South-west monsoon and North-east monsoon. 3. Maximum precipitation is between December and May.

Consider the following description: 1. Annual and daily range of temperatures is low. 2. Precipitation occurs throughout the year. 3. Precipitation varies between 50 cm – 250 cm. What is this type of climate?

Why are dewdrops not formed on a cloudy night?

Each day is more or less the same, the morning is clear and bright with a sea breeze; as the Sun climbs high in the sky, heat mounts up, dark clouds form, then rain comes with thunder and lightning. But rain is soon over. Which of the following regions is described in the above passage?

During a thunderstorm, the thunder in the skies is produced by the (1)Meeting of cumulonimbus clouds in the sky (2)Lightning that separates the nimbus clouds (3)Violent upward movement of air and water particles Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Climate is extreme, rainfall is scanty and the people used to be nomadic herders. The above statement best describes which of the following regions?

A geographic region has the following distinct characteristics: 1. Warm and dry climate 2. Mild and wet winter 3. Evergreen oak trees The above features are the distinct characteristics of which one of the following regions ?

With reference to “Coriolis force,” which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. It increases with increase in wind velocity. 2. It is maximum at the poles and is absent at the equator. Select the answer using the code given below:

(1) The winds which blow between 30° N and 60° S latitudes throughout the year are known as westerlies. (2) The moist air masses that cause winter rains in North-Western region of India are part of westerlies. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

The seasonal reversal of winds is the typical characteristic of

What could be the main reason/ reasons for the formation of African and Eurasian desert belts? 1. It is located in the sub-tropical high pressure cells. 2. It is under the influence of warm ocean currents.

Westerlies in the southern hemisphere are stronger and persistent than in the northern hemisphere. Why? 1. Southern hemisphere has less landmass as compared to northern hemisphere. 2. Coriolis force is higher in southern hemisphere as compared to northern hemisphere.

What causes wind to deflect toward left in the Southern hemisphere ?

Consider the following statements : 1. In the world, the tropical deserts occur along the western margins of continents within the trade wind belt. 2. In India, the East Himalayan region gets high rainfall from north-east winds. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

Consider the following statements: Statement I: In January, in the Northern Hemisphere, the isotherms bend equatorward while crossing the landmasses, and poleward while crossing the oceans. Statement II: In January, the air over the oceans is warmer than that over the landmasses in the Northern Hemisphere. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Consider the following statements: Statement-I: The atmosphere is heated more by incoming solar radiation than by terrestrial radiation. Statement-II: Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are good absorbers of long-wave radiation. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Consider the following statements: Statement-I: The temperature contrast between continents and oceans is greater during summer than in winter. Statement-II: The specific heat of water is more than that of land surface. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Consider the following statements : 1. High clouds primarily reflect solar radiation and cool the surface of the Earth. 2. Low clouds have a high absorption of infrared radiation emanating from the Earth’s surface and thus cause warming effect. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

The annual range of temperature in the interior of the continents is high as compared to coastal areas. What is/are the reason/reasons? (1). Thermal difference between land and water (2). Variation in altitude between continents and oceans (3). Presence of strong winds in the interior (4). Heavy rains in the interior as compared to coasts Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched ? Dam/Lake River

The Dul Hasti Power Station is based on which one of the following rivers ?

On which one of the following rivers is the Tehri Hydropower Complex located?

Where are Tapovan and Vishnugarh Hydroelectric Projects located?

On June 21 every year, which of the following latitude(s) experience a sunlight of more than 12 hours? 1. Equator 2. Tropic of Cancer 3. Tropic of Capricorn 4. Arctic Circle Select the correct answer using the code given below:

In the northern hemisphere, the longest day of the year normally occurs in the :

On 21st June, the Sun

Variations in the length of daytime and nighttime from season to season are due to

With reference to ‘Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)’ sometimes mentioned in the news while forecasting Indian monsoon, which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. IOD phenomenon is characterized by a difference in sea surface temperature between tropical Western Indian Ocean and tropical Eastern Pacific Ocean. 2. An IOD phenomenon can influence an El Nino’s impact on the monsoon. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Consider the following statements: 1. The duration of the monsoon decreases from southern India to northern India. 2. The amount of annual rainfall in the northern plains of India decreases from east to west. Which of the statements given above is / are correct?

La Nina is suspected to have caused recent floods in Australia. How is La Nina different from EI Nino? 1. La Nina is characterized by unusually cold ocean temperature in the equatorial Indian ocean whereas EI Nino is characterized by unusually warm ocean temperature in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. 2. EI Nino has an adverse effect on the southwest monsoon of India, but La Nina has no effect on monsoon climate. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

The term ‘IndARC’, sometimes seen in the news, is the name of

The formation of ozone holes in the Antarctic Region has been a cause of concern. What could be the reason for the formation of this hole?

What is the importance of developing Chabahar Port by India?

Recently there has been a concern over the short supply of a group of elements called rare earth metals. Why? 1. China, which is the largest producer of these elements, has imposed some restrictions on their export. 2. Other than China, Australia, Canada, Chile, these elements are not found in any country. 3. Rare earth metals are essential for the manufacture of various kinds of electronic items and there is growing demand for these elements. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

With reference to Madhav National Park, which of the following statements is/ are correct? 1. It was declared a Tiger Reserve in India in 2025. 2. Sakhya Sagar, which is designated as a Ramsar Site, is situated within this National Park. 3. Its area is shared between Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan.