Search the library

30 results for “PRI”

Internal Security
What Security Means: The Basics of Internal Security
The primer for the whole series: national, internal, external and human security, non-traditional threats, insurgency versus militancy versus extremism, and India's policy architecture.
1 October 2026 · 5 min read
Social Justice
National Policy for Children 2013: India's child-rights charter
India's 2013 child policy framework: twelve guiding principles, four key priority areas, the National Plan of Action 2016, and where implementation stands.
1 October 2026 · 15 min read
Governance
PURA: Kalam's vision of urban amenities for rural India, and the Rurban Mission that replaced it
A.P.J. Abdul Kalam's PURA promised city-grade amenities in villages through public-private partnership. It faded by 2014 and the Rurban Mission took its place. The vision, the two pilots, the PPP model, and the mains lessons.
1 October 2026 · 16 min read
GS-4
Private sector case studies: worked answers for corporate dilemmas
Eight fully worked private-sector case studies for GS-4: CSR fund misuse, insider trading, toxic-discharge whistleblowing, layoffs, dual quality standards, related-party contracts, community displacement and health-data privacy, each with stakeholders, options and a recommended course of action.
30 September 2026 · 45 min read
GS-4
Ethics in the private sector: the moral dilemmas behind corporate case studies
Private-sector ethics for GS-4: shareholder vs stakeholder lenses, fiduciary duty, principal-agent problems, whistleblowing, conflicts of interest, and four worked corporate mini-dilemmas.
30 September 2026 · 22 min read
CSAT
Progressions for CSAT: AP, GP and HP Explained
Arithmetic, geometric and harmonic progressions from first principles: formulae, sum shortcuts, bouncing-ball and price puzzles, and real UPSC PYQs solved step by step.
29 September 2026 · 13 min read
CSAT
Profit and Loss for CSAT: Percentages, Discounts and Dishonest Dealers
Master Profit and Loss for CSAT Paper II: cost versus selling price, the same-SP trap, discounts on marked price, dishonest-dealer problems, with PYQs and practice sets.
29 September 2026 · 11 min read
CSAT
Number System for CSAT
The number system is the backbone of CSAT quant: divisibility rules, primes, factors, HCF and LCM, remainders and unit digits explained with worked examples, common traps and practice questions.
29 September 2026 · 11 min read
Agriculture
Farm Subsidies, MSP and the WTO
From regressive input subsidies and fertiliser DBT to the 22-versus-23 MSP puzzle, price-deficiency mechanics, and the WTO rulebook: AoA pillars, Amber Box, de minimis, the Peace Clause and the SSM.
29 September 2026 · 38 min read
Internal Security
The Red Corridor Shrinks: Left-Wing Extremism
From the 1967 Naxalbari uprising to the March 2026 elimination declaration: the phases, causes, Red Corridor, SAMADHAN doctrine and the development-extremism cycle behind India's Maoist insurgency.
29 September 2026 · 30 min read
Internal Security
Enemies Without and Within: State and Non-State Actors
External state actors wage proxy war through sponsored clients; non-state actors from terror outfits to cyber criminals multiply the threat. This article maps the taxonomy, the PESTLE impact, Operation Sindoor, PRAHAAR and the Hooda Committee blueprint.
29 September 2026 · 44 min read
Disaster Management
Resilience from Below: PRIs, Civil Society and the Way Forward
Resilience is built in villages, not capitals. This article examines Panchayati Raj Institutions as first responders, civil society and SHGs, Aapda Mitra volunteers, early-warning technology from SACHET to Damini, and the way forward for a resilient India.
29 September 2026 · 31 min read
Disaster Management
From Yokohama to Sendai: Global Disaster Frameworks
The global journey of disaster risk reduction: IDNDR, the Yokohama Strategy, the Hyogo Framework, and the Sendai Framework's four priorities and seven targets, with the Sendai-vs-Hyogo table, SDG synergy, UNDRR, WHO, CDRI and the G20 DRR Working Group.
29 September 2026 · 31 min read
Science & Tech
Reaching for the Stars: India's Space Programme and Policy
From Thumba's sounding rockets to the Indian Space Policy 2023: how India's space programme evolved, why privatisation matters, and what Space Vision 2047 aims for.
28 September 2026 · 48 min read
Environment
What We Throw Away: Waste Management in India
India generates 170,000 tonnes of solid waste daily. This primer covers the waste streams, the SWM Rules 2026, plastic and e-waste regulation, EPR, and the informal workers who recycle India.
28 September 2026 · 45 min read
Environment
The Air We Breathe: Air, Noise and Nuclear Pollution
PM2.5 cuts 3.6 years off Indian life expectancy. This primer covers air pollution's sources and smog chemistry, stubble burning, NCAP and GRAP, noise regulation, and nuclear contamination law.
28 September 2026 · 49 min read
Environment
Every Drop Counts: Water Pollution and Conservation
India's rivers receive over 52,000 MLD of untreated sewage daily. This primer covers the freshwater crisis, the Water Act's 2024 amendment, Namami Gange, marine pollution and the new water-reuse economy.
28 September 2026 · 54 min read
Modern History
A century of sparks: the civil uprisings before 1857
Paika, Pazhassi Raja, Velu Thampi, the Poligars, Kukas, Pagal Panthis and a dozen more: the civil uprisings that shook Company rule before 1857, with leaders, regions and causes.
28 September 2026 · 35 min read
Economy
The Planners: From Five-Year Plans to NITI Aayog, and the 1991 Turn
From Visvesvaraya's 1934 blueprint to the Five-Year Plans, the 1991 LPG reforms and NITI Aayog, the complete story of planning in India, with the plan-by-plan table UPSC loves.
28 September 2026 · 44 min read
Economy
Inflation: Why Prices Rise and How India Fights Back
Why prices rise, how India measures it, and the fightback toolkit. Demand-pull vs cost-push, CPI vs WPI, food inflation's structural roots, and who wins when prices climb.
28 September 2026 · 37 min read
Economy
Growth Is Not Development: Reading the Indian Economy Right
GDP makes headlines; development changes lives. A primer on India's sectoral structure, the growth-vs-development distinction UPSC loves, and the 1991 reforms that rebuilt the economy.
28 September 2026 · 34 min read
Indian Society
The Measurement Problem: Poverty, Deprivation and Development
Extreme poverty fell 27.1% to 5.3% by the World Bank's 2025 count, yet 57% of women are anaemic and human development lags growth. Why poverty persists in a rising India, in full GS-1 depth.
27 September 2026 · 28 min read
Post-Independence India
Nehru's Blueprint: How a Newborn Republic Built Itself, 1947-64
In 1947 experts expected India to collapse. By 1964 it was the world's largest democracy with steel plants, atomic research and a global voice. How the Nehru years built the Indian state - and what they got wrong.
27 September 2026 · 48 min read
Modern History
562 Thrones, One Flag: Patel and the Integration of Princely States
562 thrones, one flag: how Patel and V.P. Menon integrated the princely states, and why Junagadh, Hyderabad and Kashmir tested the plan.
27 September 2026 · 20 min read
Modern History
The Famines That Bracketed British Rule: 1770, 1876-78, 1943
From the Great Bengal Famine of 1770 to the man-made catastrophe of 1943, British land revenue and export priorities turned every bad harvest into mass death, and the exam keeps asking why.
27 September 2026 · 20 min read
Modern History
1857: the year India rose, and the empire learned to rule differently
In 1857, sepoys, queens, peasants and preachers rose together, and lost. The uprising that ended Company rule, rebuilt the British army, and became Indian nationalism's first shared memory.
27 September 2026 · 37 min read
Art & Culture
What makes a language 'classical'? The 20-year battle for the label
Six languages became eleven in 2024, and the criteria themselves were rewritten. Know the list, the years, and why the label matters beyond pride.
27 September 2026 · 23 min read
Art & Culture
The great musical divorce: Hindustani vs Carnatic, and the folk stage that talked back
Two classical music systems from one ancient root, plus the rowdy folk theatre that mocked priests and kings. Learn the split, the gharanas, and the regional stage forms.
27 September 2026 · 30 min read
Medieval History
Love as Rebellion: How the Bhakti Saints Rewrote Indian Religion
From Tamil poet-saints singing to Shiva in the 7th century to Kabir mocking both priest and mullah, Mirabai defying a kingdom for Krishna, and Chaitanya dancing through Bengal, the Bhakti movement was India's longest spiritual revolution, and UPSC never stops asking about it.
27 September 2026 · 48 min read
Medieval History
The Reformer and the Visionary: Alauddin's Markets and Tughlaq's Experiments
One Sultan fixed the price of everything from grain to horses to fund history's first standing army in India. His successor tried to move the capital 1,500 km, print token currency, and tax a famine-struck doab, and failed spectacularly at all three. The Khaljis and Tughlaqs, explained.
27 September 2026 · 34 min read