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GS-4

Public sector case studies: worked answers for administration dilemmas

Eleven worked case studies for GS-4: bribery pressure, whistleblowing, political interference, disaster triage, land acquisition, tender rigging, corrupt subordinates, communal fault lines and RTI transparency, each resolved step by step.

30 September 2026 · 51 min read

Art & Culture

What makes a language 'classical'? The 20-year battle for the label

Six languages became eleven in 2024, and the criteria themselves were rewritten. Know the list, the years, and why the label matters beyond pride.

27 September 2026 · 23 min read

International Relations

BRICS: expansion, the NDB and India's balancing act

From a Goldman Sachs acronym to an eleven-member bloc: what BRICS enlargement means, how the New Development Bank works, and how India uses its 2026 presidency to keep the grouping reform-oriented.

27 September 2026 · 20 min read

Polity

Fundamental Duties: Article 51A and the Verma Committee

Fundamental Duties decoded: the Swaran Singh Committee, the 42nd Amendment, all eleven duties in plain words, the Verma Committee, and the enforceability debate.

27 September 2026 · 25 min read